Whats Ecology? It's the study of living things and their environments
During this project my group focused on the arctic fox. We researched how human impacts are changing the life of animals in the tundra and what humans can do to limit this impact. We posted posters around campus to raise awareness and handed out informational pamphlets. Additionally, we created a website were people can learn about the arctic fox and find ways to help this magnificent creature. We also linked a donation to the WWF
During this project my group focused on the arctic fox. We researched how human impacts are changing the life of animals in the tundra and what humans can do to limit this impact. We posted posters around campus to raise awareness and handed out informational pamphlets. Additionally, we created a website were people can learn about the arctic fox and find ways to help this magnificent creature. We also linked a donation to the WWF
Conteent-Energy comes from food in the form of proteins, fats, and carbs. These macromolecules are made out of monomers which make up polymers.
Amuijno Acids, Fatty acids and Monosachorides as well as polpeptite chains, triglycorides and polysacorides are made of hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen while lipids and carbs are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Matter-Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
Elements: pure substances that all matter is made of, all know elements are in a table
Atom: the smallest particle you can have of an element
Molecule: two or more atoms bonded together
These make up solids, liquids and gasses.
The many many cycles-
Water Cycle:
With climate change, the runoff has greatly increased due to more snow melt.
A decrease in the yearly snow pack has greatly affected the water cycle. There is less water all together in the arctic regions and the balance of all the steps are thrown off.
This effects the arctic fox because when its environment shifts and changes, the fox is forced to change with it.
Different process within the carbon cycle increase the effects of climate change.
Humans increase the amount of carbon production and an increase in deforestation decreases the amount of carbon consuming trees.
Climate change melts the arctic and decreases the arctic foxes environment.
Humans increase the amount of carbon production and an increase in deforestation decreases the amount of carbon consuming trees.
Climate change melts the arctic and decreases the arctic foxes environment.
Nitrogen Cycle-
Nutrients and nitrogen are stored in the permafrost and the frozen ice.
Dead waste, such as dead arctic foxes, is broken down by decomposes and bacteria which break down the nitrogen into its usable form. This nitrogen is used by plants such as lichen which then makes it way to the arctic fox.
Nutrients and nitrogen are stored in the permafrost and the frozen ice.
Dead waste, such as dead arctic foxes, is broken down by decomposes and bacteria which break down the nitrogen into its usable form. This nitrogen is used by plants such as lichen which then makes it way to the arctic fox.
What goes where?
Environment - everything that surrounds a living thing
Biosphere - where all life on earth exists
ecosystem - living organisms, hydrosphere - water, lithosphere - land, atmosphere - air)
Biome - group of ecosystems with similar climates and communities
Ecosystem - abiotic and biotic things interacting with the environment
Community - populations of different species interacting with each other
Population - group of same individuals
Individual - single living organism
The biome we researched was the Arctic Tundra
Environment - everything that surrounds a living thing
Biosphere - where all life on earth exists
ecosystem - living organisms, hydrosphere - water, lithosphere - land, atmosphere - air)
Biome - group of ecosystems with similar climates and communities
Ecosystem - abiotic and biotic things interacting with the environment
Community - populations of different species interacting with each other
Population - group of same individuals
Individual - single living organism
The biome we researched was the Arctic Tundra
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis-How do things grow?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. It is always occurring and it does not require oxygen. It is the process that happens before cellular respiration and fermentation.
Glycolysis uses ATP and glucose and produces ATP, pyruvate, and NADH.
Cellular Respiration:
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. It is made up of the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle uses pyruvate and NADH to produce C02, FADH2, and NADH. Then during the electron transport chain ATP synthase produces energy for the body to use. The electron transport chain uses oxygen, FADH2, and NADH to produce ATP with water and heat as byproducts.
Whats ATP?
ATP is short for adenosine triphosphate and it is energy that is used by cells. All organisms require energy to live and it can be obtained in many ways such as eating for animals and photosynthesis for plants. Energy can also never be created or destroyed. In the arctic, the lichen produces ATP in photosynthesis and then the arctic fox can get this ATP when it eats food.
What does it eat?--
Within ecosystems, there are trophic levels which are different steps in the food chain or web. Energy moves from the bottom levels to the top and each time only 10% if the energy is transferred. The main levels include producer, first level consumer, second level consumer, top level consumer, and decomposer.
Autotroph - use energy to make own food - photosynthesis and chemosynthesis
Heterotroph - rely on others for food (herbivore, omnivore...)
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. It is always occurring and it does not require oxygen. It is the process that happens before cellular respiration and fermentation.
Glycolysis uses ATP and glucose and produces ATP, pyruvate, and NADH.
Cellular Respiration:
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. It is made up of the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle uses pyruvate and NADH to produce C02, FADH2, and NADH. Then during the electron transport chain ATP synthase produces energy for the body to use. The electron transport chain uses oxygen, FADH2, and NADH to produce ATP with water and heat as byproducts.
Whats ATP?
ATP is short for adenosine triphosphate and it is energy that is used by cells. All organisms require energy to live and it can be obtained in many ways such as eating for animals and photosynthesis for plants. Energy can also never be created or destroyed. In the arctic, the lichen produces ATP in photosynthesis and then the arctic fox can get this ATP when it eats food.
What does it eat?--
Within ecosystems, there are trophic levels which are different steps in the food chain or web. Energy moves from the bottom levels to the top and each time only 10% if the energy is transferred. The main levels include producer, first level consumer, second level consumer, top level consumer, and decomposer.
Autotroph - use energy to make own food - photosynthesis and chemosynthesis
Heterotroph - rely on others for food (herbivore, omnivore...)
Pyramids can also be used to represent data within ecosystems:
Pyramid of numbers - shows population sizes
Energy Pyramid - shows the amount of energy at each trophic level
Biomass Pyramid - represents the amount of mass at each level
Biomass - the total amount of mass of organisms in a given area or volume
Pyramid of numbers - shows population sizes
Energy Pyramid - shows the amount of energy at each trophic level
Biomass Pyramid - represents the amount of mass at each level
Biomass - the total amount of mass of organisms in a given area or volume
More into ATP production-ATP is an organic molecule containing high energy phosphate bonds. Energy is produced by breaking high energy bonds between the last two phosphates in ATP. An ATP molecule is pictured above.
Aerobic - requires oxygen to occur
Ex: Cellular Respiration
Anaerobic - does not require oxygen to occur
Ex: Glycolysis and Fermentation
What doesnt need Oxygen?-
Fermentation-starts with glycolysis and doesn't make ATP but allows glycolysis to continue. Fermentation also does not require oxygen.
Examples:
-lactic acid fermentation
-happens in muscle cells
-produces lactic acids and results in muscle fatigue and cramps
-alcoholic fermentation
-produces alcohol and C02
-produces NAD+ that goes back to glycolysis
Oxygen Production-Photosynthesis is a process that requires carbon dioxide and water to use light energy (photons) to produce glucose and oxygen. It takes place in the chloroplast of plant cells. It mainly occurs in the leaves of plants and it uses stoma which are pores where water vapor and gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged between the plant and the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis is made up of two parts.
Light Dependent Reaction:
-produces energy from solar power as ATP and NADPH
-occurs in thylakoids
-uses water and light to make oxygen, ATP, and NADPH
Calvin Cycle (light independent):
-uses ATP and NADPH to make suagr
-occurs in the stroma
-uses carbon dioxide
Ex: Cellular Respiration
Anaerobic - does not require oxygen to occur
Ex: Glycolysis and Fermentation
What doesnt need Oxygen?-
Fermentation-starts with glycolysis and doesn't make ATP but allows glycolysis to continue. Fermentation also does not require oxygen.
Examples:
-lactic acid fermentation
-happens in muscle cells
-produces lactic acids and results in muscle fatigue and cramps
-alcoholic fermentation
-produces alcohol and C02
-produces NAD+ that goes back to glycolysis
Oxygen Production-Photosynthesis is a process that requires carbon dioxide and water to use light energy (photons) to produce glucose and oxygen. It takes place in the chloroplast of plant cells. It mainly occurs in the leaves of plants and it uses stoma which are pores where water vapor and gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged between the plant and the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis is made up of two parts.
Light Dependent Reaction:
-produces energy from solar power as ATP and NADPH
-occurs in thylakoids
-uses water and light to make oxygen, ATP, and NADPH
Calvin Cycle (light independent):
-uses ATP and NADPH to make suagr
-occurs in the stroma
-uses carbon dioxide
The Equation- 6CO2+6H2O--->C6H12O6+6O2
The final part of our concepts is symbiosis-
Thjere are 4 types
Competition - in this relationship both organisms are hurt. For example, in the tundra the red and arctic fox both compete for the same resources which means less resources for both of them.
Mutualism - one organism benefits and the effect on the other is neutral. One example of this is the birds that stand on the back of cows. The cows stir up the bugs from the grass and the birds can then eat them.
Commensalism - both organisms benefit. When a bird eats food out of crocodiles teeth the bird gets food and the crocodile gets its teeth cleans so it's a win win for them.
Parasitism - one organism is hurt by this relationship and the other benefits. For example, when a mosquito bites you it is able to feed itself but you then have an annoying mosquito bite.
The final part of our concepts is symbiosis-
Thjere are 4 types
Competition - in this relationship both organisms are hurt. For example, in the tundra the red and arctic fox both compete for the same resources which means less resources for both of them.
Mutualism - one organism benefits and the effect on the other is neutral. One example of this is the birds that stand on the back of cows. The cows stir up the bugs from the grass and the birds can then eat them.
Commensalism - both organisms benefit. When a bird eats food out of crocodiles teeth the bird gets food and the crocodile gets its teeth cleans so it's a win win for them.
Parasitism - one organism is hurt by this relationship and the other benefits. For example, when a mosquito bites you it is able to feed itself but you then have an annoying mosquito bite.
Nvrmind 1 more thing-
Polpulation-Populations have limiting factors. These are things that limit the size of a population. They can either be density dependent or independent. A independent factor is not related to the size of a population such as a natural disaster. A density dependent factor is relevant to the size of the population such as the amount of resources. As the population increases the amount of food available decreases which limits the population. Overpopulation comes when the population growth grows at at rate where the resources cannot keep up.
Polpulation-Populations have limiting factors. These are things that limit the size of a population. They can either be density dependent or independent. A independent factor is not related to the size of a population such as a natural disaster. A density dependent factor is relevant to the size of the population such as the amount of resources. As the population increases the amount of food available decreases which limits the population. Overpopulation comes when the population growth grows at at rate where the resources cannot keep up.
Below are posters my group members worked on to spread awareness of our website so people could see the impact of their actions and influence themselves to adapt better behaviors. Another member worked on this website-https://savethearcticfoxtoday.weebly.com/
Our Predentation--https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12Ij7Cb2sFrc4dy1hhJTBNNiJ4iU1fHnMYB4K-pxrWZ8/edit#slide=id.p
Reflection--Two things that I did well was preparing for our presentation and making sure I understood the content. All the work was done in time. Our group was able to set work time aside to practice our presentation. This prepares us for our presentation day and overall made our project stronger. Additionally I made sure I was able to comprehend the vast area that is ecology. This would allow me to do well on the test and in the presentation when describing our problem with endengered Arctic Foxes. Even if it required some work outside of class, I made sure that I was ready for the presentation and the test.
Two things I learned is that awareness is difficult to spread without resources. Would've been way nicer to have 1 million Instagram followers and post info to a large audiance. Sometimes people just don't care. The arctic fox is generally not an animal that people think about very often but it still plays a key role on our planet. I learned that little things that don't normally get much attention can still be very important and I hope others learned that as well.
Finally, Two things I could do better and can improve upon are time management and ledership skills. As a group, we did most of the work in the last few days of work time. In my next project, I can work on spacing out the work load so i'm not busy last minuet. Also I can improve upon proof ledership skills to have more of an influence in the final product of the presentation. When I look back on our work I can now see that there isnt much that was directly influenced by me. In the future I will make sure that I get my opinion heard and make sure my work is at a higher standard.
Two things I learned is that awareness is difficult to spread without resources. Would've been way nicer to have 1 million Instagram followers and post info to a large audiance. Sometimes people just don't care. The arctic fox is generally not an animal that people think about very often but it still plays a key role on our planet. I learned that little things that don't normally get much attention can still be very important and I hope others learned that as well.
Finally, Two things I could do better and can improve upon are time management and ledership skills. As a group, we did most of the work in the last few days of work time. In my next project, I can work on spacing out the work load so i'm not busy last minuet. Also I can improve upon proof ledership skills to have more of an influence in the final product of the presentation. When I look back on our work I can now see that there isnt much that was directly influenced by me. In the future I will make sure that I get my opinion heard and make sure my work is at a higher standard.